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Introduction: The alveolar-dental trauma (ADT) are local lesions caused by the violent action of an external agent in the dental arch. These injuries are favored by various factors such as the maxillary alveolar protrusion. The objectives of this study were to determining the frequency of alveolar-dental injuries to proalveolina and describe the clinical forms of the alveolar-dental trauma and proalveolina encountered.

MATERIAL AND METHODS: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study in the dentistry service and maxillofacial surgery at the National Donka Hospital for 6 months from January 4 to 6 June 2015. The sample size included 82 children ages 7 to 12 years. Data were collected during clinical examinations and interviews conducted by the dentist specialist Dentofacial Orthopedics.

Results: The frequency of alveolar-dental trauma with alveolar protrusion was 73.2% (60/82). The boys (65.0%) were more likely than girls (35.0%). The most affected teeth were central incisors (50.0%) followed by central lower incisors (44.4%). The alveolar-dental fractures were the most frequent (45.0%) followed by dental dislocations (30.0%) and dental fractures (20.0%). Contusions accounted for only 5.0% of dental injuries among our children victims of alveolar-dental trauma with alveolar protrusion. The most frequent cause of alveolardental trauma was with alveolar protrusion Accident public roads (55.0%) followed by falls (30.0%).

Conclusion: The interceptive treatment proalveoliais an injury prevention means dentoalveolar. It requires information, awareness, parents about traumatic risks dentalproalveolia associated with alveolar protrusion.

KEYWORDS: Traumatic risks, alveolar-dental, alveolar protrusion, orthodontics.

Ceramic has been used for a quite long time in dentistry. It is considered as the most aesthetic material. Ceramics have become increasingly popular as restorative materials because of their aesthetics, inertness, and biocompatibility. Many different types of ceramic systems have been introduced in recent years for all types that could be used for indirect restorations. A major ceramic problem, however, is that its brittleness and their liability for fracture [Lawn et al., 2001]1, [ Griggs., 2007] 2. The financial drivers for developing fracture-resistant and aesthetic ceramics are high: the European crown and FDP market approached $2 billion in 2007 [Millennium Research Group; 2007]3; the global crown and FDP market was estimated to be $25 billion in 2010 and more than $30 billion in 2015 [Palmer., 2010]4. This article provides an overview of historical development of dental ceramics.

Keywords: Dental porcelain, Dental ceramic, Fixed Prosthodontics.

INTRODUCTION: Oral health is an integral part of the overall health and well-being of all people according to the WHO. The objective of this study was to evaluate the oral status of patients seen in consultation in the Odontostomatology Department of the Ouelessebougou Reference Health Center in MALI.

METHODOLOGY: This was a prospective, cross-sectional descriptive study of a 3-month period from August 1st to October 30th, 2018. The study included all the patients who had come for first consultation in the department.

RESULTS: In this study, males accounted for 52% of cases with a sex ratio of 1.08%. The most represented age group was 16 to 30 years old with 53.25%. The average age was 30 years old. Among dental pathologies, tooth decay was the most represented with 94.14% followed by periodontal disease with 71.82%. This study showed that 79% of patients brushed their teeth. Of the 122 patients who brushed, 41.80% brushed once a day, and 45.80% brushed twice a day. The traumatic horizontal method was the most presented with 78.68%. According to this study, 91% of patients needed oral hygiene education.

CONCLUSION: Given this situation, a new orientation of oral health policy based on preventive dentistry is needed to improve the health and quality of life of populations.

Keywords :Prevalence, oral hygiene, caries, periodontal disease, rural area.

PURPOSE OF THE STUDY: The purpose of this randomized controlled clinical trial study was to evaluate and compare preservation of alveolar ridge dimensions following atraumatic tooth extraction using collagen membrane and xenograft mixed with active vit D3 gel versus collagen membrane & Xenograft only.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Ten patients were selected. All patients required extraction of two non restorable premolars (or anterior teeth) located in symmetrical quadrants of maxillary or mandibular arches and requested implant restoration. Two surgeries were carried out for each patient; the first was for extraction alveolar ridge preservation while the second was for taking core bone biopsy and implant placement in a routine fashion. In the same patient, one extraction socket (Test site) was treated with collagen membrane and xenograft mixed with active vit D3 while the second extraction socket (Control site) was treated with collagen membrane and xenograft only. Clinical, radiographic and histological/ histomorphometric evaluations were performed.

RESULTS: Clinically and radio graphically through the whole study period, there was no statistically significant difference between mean % changes in BL ridge widths and ridge height in the two groups. Histomorphometric analysis showed statistically significant difference between mean area fraction of new bone formation in the two groups.

CONCLUSION: Local applied of vitamin d3 with xenograft in alveolar ridge preservation accelerates new bone formation and promotes bone maturation when comparing with xenograft only.

Keywords: Alveolar ridge preservation, xenograft, vitamin D3, bone regeneration.

ABBREVIATIONS: ARP: alveolar ridge preservation ; CBCT: Cone Beam Computed Tomography; SD: Standard Deviation; BL: Bucco Lingual.

This clinical case describes the management of a large extent unilateral edentulous maxilla with a combined fixed and partial prosthesis stabilized by implants. In this unfavorable clinical situation and when an implantsupported fixed partial denture solution is not feasible, removable partial denture remains the alternative. It can be effectively stabilized by implants. Indeed, using implants as support for additional means of retention is an important contribution. It can change the architecture of edentulism, increase prosthetic balance and rally the aesthetic and functional requirements for an optimal prosthetic integration.

Key words: Distal extension, removable, implants, attachement.

The epidemiology of malocclusion and the assessment of orthodontic treatment needs are of great importance. Malocclusion finds its great presence among oral pathologies; it is ranked third after tooth decay and periodontal diseases. The purpose of our study was to determine the prevalence of orthodontic anomalies in a population of high school students in Casablanca, and to establish the possible associations between the different malocclusions according to age, sex and socio-economic variables. 2183 high school students aged 14 to 18 from two high schools, drawn at random and located in two economically different socio-economic regions, were examined. 81.17% of high school students examined had at least one malocclusion with a predominance of Angle Class 1.

CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: 81.17% of high school students examined in Casablanca presented at least one malocclusion justifying a significant need for orthodontic treatment in this population.

Keywords: Orthodontic anomalies, high school students, orthodontics